Family Planning & Contraception

Family planning is the practice of controlling the number and spacing of children through the use of various methods of contraception. Contraception refers to the use of methods or devices to prevent pregnancy. There are several different types of contraception available, each with their own set of benefits and risks.

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  1. Barrier methods: These methods include condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps. They work by physically blocking the sperm from reaching the egg.
  2. Hormonal methods: These methods include birth control pills, patches, injections, and vaginal rings. They work by preventing ovulation or thickening cervical mucus to block sperm.
  3. Intrauterine devices (IUDs): These are small, T-shaped devices that are inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. They work by either releasing hormones or creating an environment hostile to sperm.
  4. Sterilization: This is a permanent form of birth control. It includes methods such as tubal ligation (for women) and vasectomy (for men) that prevent the sperm from reaching the egg.
  5. Fertility awareness method: This method involves tracking the woman's menstrual cycle and identifying the fertile days to avoid intercourse or use barrier methods during that time.